Salicylates increase insulin levels rather than insulin actions

Impaired insulin clearance as a cause rather than a consequence of insulin resistance

Impaired insulin sensitivity and reduced b-cell function have been regarded as the two major physiological defects in type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is generally accepted that the initial defect in this disease is insulin resistance, which is typically elicited by overeating and decreased physical activity, both of which are tightly linked with obesity. b-Cells then compensate for insulin resista...

Inflammation in the prediabetic state is related to increased insulin resistance rather than decreased insulin secretion.

BACKGROUND Elevated levels of proinflammatory proteins are predictive of both cardiovascular (CV) disease and type 2 diabetes. Previously, atherogenic changes in traditional CV risk factors in the prediabetic state were mainly seen in insulin-resistant subjects rather than in those with a predominant defect in insulin secretion. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied in prediabetic individuals from t...

Insulin Secretion and Actions

Hemodynamic actions of insulin.

There is accumulating evidence that insulin has a physiological role to vasodilate skeletal muscle vasculature in humans. This effect occurs in a dose-dependent fashion within a half-maximal response of approximately 40 microU/ml. This vasodilating action is impaired in states of insulin resistance such as obesity, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, and elevated blood pressure. The precise physiol...

Dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is due to inhibition of glucose transport rather than insulin signal transduction.

Glucocorticoids reportedly induce insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in which treatment with dexamethasone has been shown to impair the insulin-induced increase in glucose uptake. In 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with dexamethasone, the GLUT1 protein expression level was decreased by 30%, which possib...